Batura na kwale-kwale suna da mahimmanci don ƙarfafa tsarin lantarki daban-daban akan jirgin ruwa, gami da fara injin da na'urorin haɗi kamar fitilu, rediyo, da injunan motsa jiki. Ga yadda suke aiki da nau'ikan da zaku iya fuskanta:
1. Nau'in Batirin Jirgin ruwa
- Farawa (Cranking) Baturi: An ƙirƙira don isar da fashewar wuta don fara injin jirgin. Waɗannan batura suna da ƙananan faranti da yawa don saurin sakin kuzari.
- Baturi Mai Zurfi: An ƙera shi don ci gaba da ƙarfi na dogon lokaci, batir mai zurfin zagayowar wutar lantarki, trolling motors, da sauran kayan haɗi. Ana iya fitar da su da caji sau da yawa.
- Batura Dual-Purpose: Waɗannan suna haɗuwa da fasalulluka na duka baturan farawa da zurfin sake zagayowar. Duk da yake ba kamar ƙwararru ba, za su iya gudanar da ayyukan biyu.
2. Chemistry na baturi
- Lead-Acid Wet Cell (Ambaliya): Batirin kwale-kwale na gargajiya da ke amfani da cakuda ruwa da sulfuric acid don samar da wutar lantarki. Waɗannan ba su da tsada amma suna buƙatar kulawa akai-akai, kamar dubawa da sake cika matakan ruwa.
- Gilashin Gilashin Sha (AGM): Rufe batura masu gubar-acid waɗanda basu da kulawa. Suna ba da iko mai kyau da tsawon rai, tare da ƙarin fa'idar kasancewa mai jurewa.
- Lithium-ion (LiFePO4): Zaɓin mafi ci gaba, yana ba da tsawon rayuwa, caji mai sauri, da ingantaccen ƙarfin kuzari. Batura LiFePO4 sun fi sauƙi amma sun fi tsada.
3. Yadda Batirin Jirgin Ruwa ke Aiki
Batirin kwale-kwale na aiki ta hanyar adana makamashin sinadarai da kuma mayar da shi makamashin lantarki. Anan ga taƙaitawar yadda suke aiki don dalilai daban-daban:
Domin Fara Injin (Cranking Battery)
- Lokacin da ka kunna maɓalli don kunna injin, baturin farawa yana ba da babban hawan wutar lantarki.
- Mai canza injin yana yin cajin baturi da zarar injin yana aiki.
Don Na'urorin Haɓaka Gudu (Batir Mai Tsarfi)
- Lokacin da kake amfani da na'urorin haɗi na lantarki kamar fitilu, tsarin GPS, ko trolling motors, batura masu zurfin zagayowar suna samar da tsayayyen wutar lantarki.
- Ana iya fitar da waɗannan batura cikin zurfi kuma a yi caji sau da yawa ba tare da lalacewa ba.
Tsarin Wutar Lantarki
- Electrochemical Reaction: Lokacin da aka haɗa shi da kaya, yanayin sinadarai na cikin batirin yana sakin electrons, yana haifar da kwararar wutar lantarki. Wannan shine abin da ke ƙarfafa tsarin jirgin ku.
- A cikin batirin gubar-acid, farantin gubar suna amsawa da sulfuric acid. A cikin batirin lithium-ion, ions suna motsawa tsakanin wayoyin lantarki don samar da wuta.
4. Cajin Baturi
- Cajin Alternator: Lokacin da injin ke aiki, alternator yana samar da wutar lantarki wanda ke sake cajin baturin farawa. Hakanan yana iya cajin baturi mai zurfin zagayowar idan an ƙera tsarin lantarki na jirgin ruwa don saitin baturi biyu.
- Cajin kan teku: Lokacin da aka kulle, zaka iya amfani da cajar baturi na waje don yin cajin batura. Smart caja na iya canzawa ta atomatik tsakanin yanayin caji don tsawaita rayuwar baturi.
5.Tsarin Baturi
- Baturi Guda: Ƙananan jiragen ruwa za su iya amfani da baturi ɗaya kawai don ɗaukar ikon farawa da na haɗi. A irin waɗannan lokuta, zaku iya amfani da baturi mai manufa biyu.
- Saitin Baturi Biyu: Yawancin jiragen ruwa suna amfani da batura biyu: ɗaya don fara injin, ɗayan kuma don amfani mai zurfi. Asauya baturiyana ba ka damar zaɓar wanne baturi ake amfani da shi a kowane lokaci ko haɗa su cikin gaggawa.
6.Maɓallin baturi da masu ware
- Asauya baturiyana ba ka damar zaɓar wanne baturi ake amfani da shi ko caji.
- Amai keɓewar baturiyana tabbatar da cewa baturin farawa ya kasance da caji yayin barin baturi mai zurfi don amfani da na'urorin haɗi, yana hana baturi ɗaya daga ƙarar ɗayan.
7.Kula da baturi
- Batirin gubar-acidna buƙatar kulawa akai-akai kamar duba matakan ruwa da tashoshi masu tsabta.
- Lithium-ion da batirin AGMba su da kulawa amma suna buƙatar cajin da ya dace don haɓaka tsawon rayuwarsu.
Batirin kwale-kwale suna da mahimmanci don aiki mai santsi akan ruwa, tabbatar da ingantaccen injin farawa da wutar lantarki mara yankewa ga duk tsarin jirgin.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris-06-2025
