Dongosolo losungira mphamvu ya batri, lomwe limadziwika kuti BESS, limagwiritsa ntchito mabatire ambiri otha kubwezeretsedwanso kuti lisunge magetsi ochulukirapo kuchokera ku gridi kapena magwero obwezerezedwanso kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo. Pamene mphamvu zobwezerezedwanso ndi ukadaulo wa gridi wanzeru zikupita patsogolo, machitidwe a BESS akuchita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukhazikitsa magetsi ndikuwonjezera phindu la mphamvu zobiriwira. Ndiye kodi machitidwe awa amagwira ntchito bwanji kwenikweni?
Gawo 1: Banki ya Batri
Maziko a BESS iliyonse ndi malo osungira mphamvu - mabatire. Ma module angapo a batire kapena "ma cell" amalumikizidwa pamodzi kuti apange "banki ya batire" yomwe imapereka mphamvu yosungira yofunikira. Maselo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi lithiamu-ion chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zambiri, moyo wautali komanso kuthekera kochaja mwachangu. Ma chemistry ena monga lead-acid ndi mabatire oyenda amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mapulogalamu ena.
Gawo 2: Dongosolo Losinthira Mphamvu
Batire yolumikizira ku gridi yamagetsi kudzera mu njira yosinthira mphamvu kapena PCS. PCS ili ndi zigawo zamagetsi zamagetsi monga inverter, converter, ndi zosefera zomwe zimalola mphamvu kuyenda mbali zonse ziwiri pakati pa batire ndi gridi. Inverter imasintha mphamvu yolunjika (DC) kuchokera ku batire kukhala mphamvu yosinthira (AC) yomwe gridi imagwiritsa ntchito, ndipo chosinthira chimachita zosiyana kuti chiyambitse batire.
Gawo 3: Njira Yoyendetsera Mabatire
Dongosolo loyang'anira mabatire, kapena BMS, limayang'anira ndikuwongolera selo lililonse la batire mkati mwa banki ya batire. BMS imalinganiza maselo, imayang'anira magetsi ndi magetsi panthawi yolipiritsa ndi kutulutsa, ndipo imateteza kuwonongeka ndi kudzaza kwambiri, magetsi ochulukirapo kapena kutulutsa madzi ambiri. Imayang'anira magawo ofunikira monga magetsi, magetsi ndi kutentha kuti ikwaniritse bwino magwiridwe antchito a batire komanso nthawi yake yogwira ntchito.
Gawo 4: Njira Yoziziritsira
Makina oziziritsira amachotsa kutentha kochulukirapo m'mabatire akamagwira ntchito. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti maselo azikhala mkati mwa kutentha kwawo koyenera komanso kuti moyo wawo ukhale wosangalatsa kwambiri. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya kuziziritsira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuziziritsira madzi (poyendetsa choziziritsira kudzera m'mabatire omwe amakumana ndi mabatire) ndi kuziziritsa mpweya (pogwiritsa ntchito mafani kukakamiza mpweya kudutsa m'mabatire).
Gawo 5: Ntchito
Munthawi yamagetsi ochepa kapena kupanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kwambiri, BESS imayamwa mphamvu yochulukirapo kudzera mu makina osinthira mphamvu ndikuisunga mu batire. Ngati kufunikira kuli kwakukulu kapena mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa palibe, mphamvu yosungidwayo imabwereranso ku gridi kudzera mu inverter. Izi zimathandiza BESS "kusintha nthawi" mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa nthawi ndi nthawi, kukhazikika kwa ma gridi ndi magetsi, ndikupereka mphamvu yobwezera nthawi yozimitsa.
Dongosolo loyang'anira mabatire limayang'anira momwe batire imagwirira ntchito komanso momwe imagwirira ntchito kuti batire isadzazidwe kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri komanso kutulutsa mphamvu zambiri - zomwe zimapangitsa kuti batire ikhale yolimba. Ndipo dongosolo loziziritsira limagwira ntchito kuti kutentha kwa batire lonse kukhale kotetezeka.
Mwachidule, njira yosungira mphamvu ya batri imagwiritsa ntchito mabatire, zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, zowongolera zanzeru ndi kasamalidwe ka kutentha pamodzi mwanjira yogwirizana kuti isunge magetsi ochulukirapo ndikutulutsa mphamvu pakafunika. Izi zimathandiza ukadaulo wa BESS kukulitsa phindu la magwero amagetsi obwezerezedwanso, kupanga ma gridi amagetsi kukhala ogwira ntchito bwino komanso okhazikika, ndikuthandizira kusintha kupita ku tsogolo la mphamvu zopanda mpweya wambiri.
Chifukwa cha kukwera kwa magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa monga mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphepo, makina osungira mphamvu zamabatire akuluakulu (BESS) akuchita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukhazikitsa ma gridi amagetsi. Makina osungira mphamvu zamabatire amagwiritsa ntchito mabatire otha kubwezeretsedwanso kuti asunge magetsi ochulukirapo kuchokera ku gridi kapena kuchokera ku zinthu zongowonjezwdwanso ndikubwezeretsa magetsiwo pakafunika kutero. Ukadaulo wa BESS umathandiza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso nthawi ndi nthawi ndikuwonjezera kudalirika kwa gridi yonse, kugwira ntchito bwino komanso kukhazikika.
BESS nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zigawo zingapo:
1) Mabanki a mabatire opangidwa ndi ma modules kapena ma cell angapo a batire kuti apereke mphamvu yofunikira yosungira mphamvu. Mabatire a lithiamu-ion amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zawo, moyo wawo wautali komanso mphamvu zochaja mwachangu. Ma chemistry ena monga mabatire a lead-acid ndi flow flow amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
2) Dongosolo losinthira mphamvu (PCS) lomwe limalumikiza banki ya batri ku gridi yamagetsi. PCS ili ndi inverter, converter ndi zida zina zowongolera zomwe zimalola mphamvu kuyenda mbali zonse ziwiri pakati pa batri ndi gridi.
3) Dongosolo loyang'anira mabatire (BMS) lomwe limayang'anira ndikuwongolera momwe maselo a batire amagwirira ntchito. BMS imalinganiza maselo, imateteza kuwonongeka ndi kudzaza kwambiri kapena kutulutsa madzi ambiri, komanso imayang'anira magawo monga magetsi, mphamvu yamagetsi ndi kutentha.
4) Makina oziziritsira omwe amachotsa kutentha kochuluka m'mabatire. Kuziziritsa kwamadzimadzi kapena mpweya kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mabatire azikhala mkati mwa kutentha komwe amagwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti azikhala ndi moyo wautali.
5) Nyumba kapena chidebe chomwe chimateteza ndi kuteteza makina onse a batri. Ma batri akunja ayenera kukhala otetezedwa ku nyengo komanso okhoza kupirira kutentha kwambiri.
Ntchito zazikulu za BESS ndi izi:
• Yang'anani mphamvu yochulukirapo kuchokera ku gridi panthawi yomwe kufunikira kochepa kumafunidwa ndikuyitulutsa ikafunidwa kwambiri. Izi zimathandiza kukhazikika kwa magetsi ndi kusinthasintha kwa ma frequency.
• Sungani mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kuchokera ku magwero monga ma solar PV ndi ma wind farms omwe ali ndi mphamvu zosinthasintha komanso zosasinthasintha, kenako perekani mphamvu yosungidwayo pamene dzuwa silikuwala kapena mphepo siikuwomba. Nthawi imeneyi imasamutsa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kupita pamene ikufunika kwambiri.
• Perekani mphamvu yobwezera pamene gridi yawonongeka kapena kuzima kuti zomangamanga zofunika kwambiri zigwire ntchito, kaya mu chilumba kapena mu gridi yolumikizidwa.
• Chitani nawo mbali pa ntchito zoyankhira kufunikira kwa magetsi ndi mapulogalamu ena othandizira powonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi mmwamba kapena pansi pamene zikufunika, kupereka malamulo okhudza ma frequency ndi ntchito zina za gridi.
Pomaliza, pamene mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zikupitirira kukula monga kuchuluka kwa ma gridi amagetsi padziko lonse lapansi, makina akuluakulu osungira mphamvu zamabatire adzachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupangitsa mphamvu yoyera kukhala yodalirika komanso yopezeka nthawi zonse. Ukadaulo wa BESS uthandiza kukulitsa phindu la ma gridi amagetsi ongowonjezwdwa, kukhazikika kwa ma gridi amagetsi ndikuthandizira kusintha kupita ku tsogolo la mphamvu zokhazikika komanso zopanda mpweya wambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-07-2023
