Bateri yo mu mazi ni ubwoko bwihariye bwa bateri bukunze kuboneka mu bwato no mu zindi modoka zo mu mazi, nk'uko izina ribigaragaza. Bateri yo mu mazi ikunze gukoreshwa nk'ibati yo mu mazi ndetse n'ibati yo mu rugo ikoresha ingufu nke cyane. Kimwe mu bintu biranga iyi bateri ni uko ishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye. Hari ingano zitandukanye za bateri zo mu mazi ushobora guhitamo.
Bateri y'ubwato bwanjye ingana iki?
Hari ibintu bike by'ingenzi ugomba gusuzuma mu gihe uguze bateri yo mu mazi. Tekereza mbere na mbere imbaraga iyi bateri izatanga. Ese izakuramo ibikoresho byinshi by'ikoranabuhanga cyangwa ibikoresho, cyangwa se izatangiza ubwato bwawe n'amatara make?
Ubwato buto bushobora gukoresha bateri imwe icyarimwe. Ariko, abantu banini cyangwa benshi bakenera ingufu bagomba guhitamo bateri ebyiri zitandukanye, imwe yo gutangiza ubwato n'imwe yo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.
Ingano ya bateri izatandukana bitewe niba ikoreshwa mu gutwara imodoka cyane cyangwa se ikoreshwa mu gutangiza moteri. Birakwiye cyane kugira sisitemu y'amabateri abiri.
Ibisabwa ku bateri zo mu rugo cyangwa iz'inyongera
Iyo urebye bateri z'inyongera cyangwa izisanzwe, biragoye cyane gusubiza ikibazo "Ni iyihe bateri yo mu mazi nkeneye." Ibikenewe mu gutanga ingufu bishobora gutandukana cyane bitewe n'umubare n'ubwoko bw'ibintu ukoresha. Kubara ikoreshwa rya Watt-hour Bisaba akazi ku ruhande rwawe.
Iyo ikoreshwa, buri mashini cyangwa igikoresho gikoresha umubare runaka wa watts ku isaha. Kugira ngo umenye amasaha (cyangwa iminota) bateri izamara hagati y’ingufu, kubita agaciro kayo kuri iyo ngano. Kora ibi, hanyuma wongere byose kugira ngo ubone amasaha ya watts akenewe. Ni byiza kugura bateri zikurura watts nyinshi kurusha aho uhera, mu gihe bibaye ngombwa.
Kubera ko bateri za lithium zifite imikorere myiza kurusha bateri za aside ya lead, ubu zirasabwa cyane mu kubika ingufu.
Guhitamo bateri ikwiriye ubwato bwawe ni ingenzi cyane, nkuko twabiganiriyeho mbere. Guhitamo bateri ikwiye, ushobora kwizera ko izakwira mu gasanduku ka bateri yawe. Ukeneye ubwoko n'ingano ikwiye ya bateri kugira ngo ukoreshe imbaraga z'ubwato bwawe kuko ziza mu bunini butandukanye kandi zifite ibikoresho bitandukanye. Uko ubwato bunini, ni ko amashanyarazi aba menshi kandi bateri zikaba nini kugira ngo zitange ingufu zihagije.
Guhitamo ingano ya paki ya bateri yo mu mazi
Intambwe ya mbere mu guhitamo ingano ya bateri ikwiriye ubwato bwawe ni ukumenya uburemere bw'amashanyarazi bukoreshwa. Bizaguha igitekerezo cyiza cy'ingufu zikenewe kugira ngo moteri itangire kandi ukoreshe ibikoresho byose by'ikoranabuhanga n'ibindi bikoresho icyarimwe. Ubu ushobora guhitamo ingano ya bateri ukeneye.
Kuki ingano ya bateri ifite agaciro?
Kumenya ingano y'ipaki ya bateri ikwiriye yo mu mazi ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi mu guhitamo ingano ikwiye ya bateri. Ifatwa nk'imwe mu bisabwa kuri bateri yo mu mazi ugomba gushaka. Igaragaza gusa ingano y'ipaki ya bateri y'amashanyarazi (uburyo bwo guhuza ubwonko na mudasobwa) yakozwe na Komite Mpuzamahanga ishinzwe bateri. Igaragaza uburebure, ubugari, n'uburebure bw'ipaki ya bateri ni ibipimo bisanzwe bya bateri zo mu mazi.
Bateri yo gutangiza
Ubwo bwoko bwa bateri yo mu mazi bukoreshwa mu gutangiza moteri y'ubwato no gutanga ingufu zikenewe ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi w'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi by'ubwato. Inyinshi muri izi bateri zifite ubushobozi bwo gusohora amasegonda 5 kugeza kuri 15, kuva kuri 5 kugeza kuri 400 amp. Zikoresha kandi urumuri runyuze muri alternator y'urumuri rwa moteri. Izi bateri zishobora gutanga umuriro mwinshi mu gihe gito kuko zikozwe mu bice bito ariko byinshi. Ariko, iyi bateri irahangana n'ibihe bikomeye bigabanya ubujyakuzimu bw'amazi. Ibi bigabanya amasaha yo gukora, bishobora gutuma ibice bimwe na bimwe by'amashanyarazi bihagarara igihe kirekire.
Bateri y'uruziga rwinshi
Bateri ya deep cycle ni bateri yakorewe byumwihariko kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu gusohora amazi mu buryo bwimbitse. Ni bateri ishobora kubika ingufu nyinshi kandi igakora igihe kirekire. Izi bateri ntizikenera isoko yo gusharija kuko zikorerwa ingufu ziremereye. Bateri za deep cycle zishobora kugumana ingufu zihagije igihe kirekire ugereranije n'ubwoko bwa mbere bwa bateri. Zikozwe mu bice binini, byongera igihe cyo kubaho kwazo kandi bikagirira akamaro nyir'ubwato. Izi bateri zigomba kuba zishyuwe neza, Igihe gisabwa giterwa n'ubushobozi bwo gusohora amazi mu buryo bwimbitse.
Bateri y'ibikoresho bibiri
Ubu bwoko bwa bateri bukoresha ibyuma binini byuzuye antimoni. Muri rusange, bateri zo gutangira cyangwa bateri zikoresha uburebure bw'umurambararo nizo zisabwa, ariko rimwe na rimwe bateri zikoreshwa mu buryo bubiri zishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane. Izi bateri zishobora kwihanganira neza imikorere yo gusohora amazi menshi, ariko kandi zifite ubushobozi buke bwo kubika, ibyo bikaba byazigora kwihanganira imitwaro iremereye y'amashanyarazi. Ku bafite ubwato, zifatwa nk'uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza, kuko zisabwa gukoreshwa mu buryo bwinshi, harimo:
Ubwato buto bukenera ingufu zihagije zituruka kuri batiri zabwo bwite kugira ngo bukoreshe imbaraga z'amashanyarazi no gutangiza moteri.
Bateri zikoreshwa mu buryo bubiri ni ubundi buryo bwiza bwo gusimbura bateri zo gutangiza ubwato zikenera ingufu zihagije kugira ngo zitangire moteri kandi zigakore umutwaro w'amashanyarazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-19-2023