Amashanyarazi ya batiri (EV) akozwe cyane cyane mubice byinshi byingenzi, buri kimwe kigira uruhare mubikorwa byacyo. Ibice nyamukuru birimo:
Ingirabuzimafatizo za Litiyumu-Ion: Intangiriro ya bateri ya EV igizwe na selile ya lithium-ion. Utugingo ngengabuzima turimo lithium ibika kandi ikarekura ingufu z'amashanyarazi. Ibikoresho bya cathode na anode muri selile biratandukanye; ibikoresho bisanzwe birimo lithium nikel manganese cobalt oxyde (NMC), lithium fer fosifate (LFP), lithium cobalt oxyde (LCO), na lithium manganese oxyde (LMO).
Electrolyte: Electrolyte muri bateri ya lithium-ion mubusanzwe ni umunyu wa lithium ushonga mumashanyarazi, ukaba nk'uburyo bwo kugenda ion hagati ya cathode na anode.
Gutandukanya: Gutandukanya, akenshi bikozwe mubintu byoroshye nka polyethylene cyangwa polypropilene, bitandukanya cathode na anode, birinda ikabutura y'amashanyarazi mugihe yemerera ion kunyuramo.
Ikariso: Utugingo ngengabuzima tuzengurutswe mu gikarito, ubusanzwe bikozwe muri aluminium cyangwa ibyuma, bitanga uburinzi n'ubunyangamugayo.
Sisitemu yo gukonjesha: Bateri nyinshi za EV zifite sisitemu zo gukonjesha kugirango zicunge ubushyuhe, zitanga imikorere myiza no kuramba. Sisitemu irashobora gukoresha uburyo bwo gukonjesha cyangwa gukonjesha ikirere.
Ishami rishinzwe kugenzura ibikoresho bya elegitoronike (ECU): ECU icunga kandi ikagenzura imikorere ya bateri, ikareka kwishyurwa neza, gusohora, n'umutekano muri rusange.
Ibigize neza nibikoresho birashobora gutandukana mubakora EV zitandukanye nubwoko bwa bateri. Abashakashatsi n’abakora ubudahwema gushakisha ibikoresho n’ikoranabuhanga bishya kugira ngo bongere ingufu za batiri, ubwinshi bw’ingufu, hamwe n’ubuzima muri rusange mu gihe bagabanya ibiciro n’ingaruka ku bidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-20-2023
