Ko mabhatiri ehurumende anokonzerwa nechando here?

kutonhora kunokanganisa sei mabhatiri ehurumendeuye chii chiri kuitwa pamusoro pazvo:

Sei kutonhora kunonetsa

1. Lower ionic conductivity

   • Solid electrolytes (ceramics, sulfides, polymers) vanovimba ne lithium ions ichisvetuka kuburikidza nekristaro yakaoma kana zvimiro zvepolymer.

   • Pakutonhora kwakadzika, kusvetuka uku kunononoka, saka iyokupikisa kwemukati kunowedzerauye simba rekutumira rinodonha.

2. Interface matambudziko

   • Mune bhatiri rakasimba-nyika, kubata pakati peiyo yakasimba electrolyte nemagetsi emagetsi kwakakosha.

   • Kutonhora kunotonhora kunogona kuderedza zvinhu pamitengo yakasiyana, kusikamicro-gapspanzvimbo dzekupindirana → kuita kuti ion iwedzere kuyerera.

3. Kuchaja kunetsa

   • Kungofanana nemabhatiri e-lithium-ion emvura, kuchaja panjodzi dzakaderera zvakanyanyalithium plating(metallic lithium inogadzira pane anode).

   • Mune yakasimba-nyika, izvi zvinogona kutonyanya kukuvadza sezvo dendrites (tsono-senge lithium deposits) inogona kupaza iyo yakasimba electrolyte.

Kuenzaniswa neyakajairwa lithium-ion

• Liquid electrolyte lithium-ion: Kutonhora kunoita kuti mvura iwedzere kukora (isingaite conductive), ichidzikisa huwandu uye kumhanya kwekuchaja.

• Solid-state lithium-ion: Yakachengeteka mukutonhora (hapana mvura inotonhora / inodonha), asiachiri kurasikirwa conductivitynekuti maodhi haatakure maion zvakanaka panguva yakaderera.

Mhinduro dzazvino mukutsvaga

1. Sulfid electrolytes

   • Mamwe maelectrolyte ane sulfide-based solid anoramba aine maitiro epamusoro kunyangwe ari pasi pe0 °C.

   • Kuvimbisa maEV munzvimbo dzinotonhora.

2. Polymer-ceramic hybrids

   • Kubatanidza flexible polymers neceramic particles inovandudza ion kuyerera pane yakaderera temps uchichengetedza kuchengeteka.

3. Interface engineering

   • Coatings kana buffer layers ari kugadzirwa kuchengetedza electrode-electrolyte contact yakagadzikana panguva yekushanduka kwekushisa.

4. Pre-kupisa masisitimu muEVs

   • Sezvinongoita maEV anhasi anodziya mabhatiri emvura asati achaja, remangwana rakasimba-nyika maEV anogona kushandisa.thermal managementkuchengetedza masero ari mumhando yavo yakafanira (15–35 °C).

Pfupiso:
Solid-state mabhatiri anokanganiswa nekutonhora, kunyanya nekuda kweiyo yakaderera ion conductivity uye interface kuramba. Ivo vachiri vakachengeteka kupfuura liquid lithium-ion mumamiriro iwayo, asikuita (renji, chiyero chekuchaja, kubuda kwemagetsi) kunogona kudonha zvakanyanya pasi pe0 °C. Vatsvagiri vari kushanda nesimba pama electrolyte uye madhizaini anoramba achifambisa mukutonhora, achivavarira kushandiswa kwakavimbika muEVs kunyangwe muchando mamiriro ekunze.