Inkqubo yokugcina amandla ebhetri, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-BESS, isebenzisa iibhanki zeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ukugcina umbane ogqithisileyo kwigridi okanye kwimithombo evuselelekayo ukuze isetyenziswe kamva. Njengoko amandla avuselelekayo kunye nobuchwepheshe begridi ekrelekrele buqhubela phambili, iinkqubo ze-BESS zidlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi ekuzinziseni izixhobo zamandla kunye nokwandisa ixabiso lamandla aluhlaza. Ngoko ke ezi nkqubo zisebenza njani kanye kanye?
Inyathelo 1: Ibhanki yeBhetri
Isiseko sayo nayiphi na i-BESS yindawo yokugcina amandla - iibhetri. Iimodyuli ezininzi zebhetri okanye "iiseli" zidityaniswa ukuze zenze "ibhanki yebhetri" enika amandla okugcina afunekayo. Iiseli ezisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-lithium-ion ngenxa yobuninzi bamandla azo, ubomi obude kunye nokukwazi ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Ezinye iikhemikhali ezifana ne-lead-acid kunye neebhetri zokuhamba nazo ziyasetyenziswa kwezinye iinkqubo.
Inyathelo lesi-2: Inkqubo yokuguqula amandla
Ibhanki yebhetri iqhagamshela kwigridi yombane ngenkqubo yokuguqula amandla okanye iPCS. I-PCS inezixhobo ze-elektroniki zamandla ezifana ne-inverter, i-converter, kunye nezihluzi ezivumela amandla ukuba ahambe kuzo zombini iindlela phakathi kwebhetri kunye negridi. I-inverter iguqula i-direct current (DC) ukusuka kwibhetri ibe yi-alternating current (AC) esetyenziswa yigridi, kwaye i-converter yenza okuchaseneyo ukuze itshaje ibhetri.
Inyathelo lesi-3: Inkqubo yoLawulo lweBhetri
Inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri, okanye i-BMS, ijonga kwaye ilawula iseli nganye yebhetri ngaphakathi kwibhanki yebhetri. I-BMS ilinganisa iiseli, ilawula i-voltage kunye nomsinga ngexesha lokutshaja kunye nokukhupha, kwaye ikhusela ekonakaleni kokutshaja kakhulu, umsinga ogqithisileyo okanye ukukhupha okunzulu. Ijonga iiparameter eziphambili ezifana ne-voltage, umsinga kunye nobushushu ukuze iphucule ukusebenza kwebhetri kunye nobomi bayo.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Inkqubo yokupholisa
Inkqubo yokupholisa isusa ubushushu obugqithisileyo kwiibhetri ngexesha lokusebenza. Oku kubalulekile ekugcineni iiseli zikwinqanaba lazo lobushushu elifanelekileyo kunye nokwandisa ubomi bomjikelo. Ezona ntlobo ziqhelekileyo zokupholisa ezisetyenziswayo kukupholisa ulwelo (ngokuhambisa i-coolant kwiipleyiti ezidibana neebhetri) kunye nokupholisa umoya (ukusebenzisa iifeni ukunyanzela umoya ukuba udlule kwiindawo ezivalekileyo zebhetri).
Inyathelo lesi-5: Ukusebenza
Ngexesha lemfuno ephantsi yombane okanye imveliso ephezulu yamandla avuselelekayo, i-BESS ifunxa amandla agqithisileyo ngenkqubo yokuguqula amandla ize iwagcine ebhankini yebhetri. Xa imfuno iphezulu okanye amandla avuselelekayo engafumanekiyo, amandla agciniweyo abuyiselwa kwigridi nge-inverter. Oku kuvumela i-BESS ukuba "itshintshe ixesha" amandla avuselelekayo angenaxesha, izinzise i-grid frequency kunye ne-voltage, kwaye inike amandla okuxhasa ngexesha lokucima.
Inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri ijonga imeko yokutshaja kweseli nganye kwaye ilawula izinga lokutshaja nokukhupha umbane ukuze kuthintelwe ukutshaja kakhulu, ubushushu obugqithisileyo kunye nokukhupha umbane nzulu kwiibhetri - yandisa ubomi bazo obusebenzisekayo. Kwaye inkqubo yokupholisa isebenza ukugcina ubushushu bebhetri buphela bukwinqanaba lokusebenza elikhuselekileyo.
Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yokugcina amandla ebhetri isebenzisa iibhetri, izixhobo ze-elektroniki zamandla, ulawulo olukrelekrele kunye nolawulo lobushushu kunye ngendlela edibeneyo yokugcina umbane ogqithisileyo kunye nokukhupha amandla xa kufuneka. Oku kuvumela itekhnoloji yeBESS ukuba inyuse ixabiso lemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, yenze iigridi zamandla zisebenze ngakumbi kwaye zihlale ixesha elide, kwaye ixhase ukutshintshela kwikamva lamandla aphantsi kwekhabhoni.
Ngenxa yokwanda kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo njengamandla elanga nawomoya, iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ebhetri ezinkulu (i-BESS) zidlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi ekuzinziseni iigridi zamandla. Inkqubo yokugcina amandla ebhetri isebenzisa iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ukugcina umbane ogqithisileyo kwigridi okanye kwizixhobo ezivuselelekayo kwaye ibuyisele loo mbane xa kufuneka. Itekhnoloji ye-BESS inceda ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo ngamaxesha athile kwaye iphucula ukuthembeka kwegridi iyonke, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuzinza.
I-BESS idla ngokuba nezinto ezininzi:
1) Iibhanki zeebhetri ezenziwe ngeemodyuli okanye iiseli ezininzi zebhetri ukubonelela ngomthamo wokugcina amandla ofunekayo. Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yobuninzi bazo bamandla, ubomi obude kunye nokukwazi ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Ezinye iikhemikhali ezifana ne-lead-acid kunye neebhetri zokuhamba kwamanzi nazo ziyasetyenziswa.
2) Inkqubo yokuguqula umbane (PCS) edibanisa ibhanki yebhetri kwigridi yombane. I-PCS ine-inverter, i-converter kunye nezinye izixhobo zokulawula ezivumela umbane ukuba uhambe kuzo zombini iindlela phakathi kwebhetri kunye negridi.
3) Inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri (i-BMS) ejonga kwaye ilawula imeko kunye nokusebenza kweeseli zebhetri nganye. I-BMS ilinganisa iiseli, ikhusela ekonakaleni kokutshaja kakhulu okanye ukukhupha okunzulu, kwaye ijonga iiparameter ezifana ne-voltage, i-current kunye nobushushu.
4) Inkqubo yokupholisa esusa ubushushu obugqithisileyo kwiibhetri. Ukupholisa okusekwe kulwelo okanye emoyeni kusetyenziswa ukugcina iibhetri zikwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lobushushu bokusebenza kunye nokwandisa ubomi bazo.
5) Indlu okanye isikhongozeli esikhusela nesikhusela yonke inkqubo yebhetri. Iibhetri ezingaphandle kufuneka zikhuseleke kwimozulu kwaye zikwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo.
Imisebenzi ephambili ye-BESS yile:
• Funxa amandla agqithisileyo kwigridi ngexesha lemfuno ephantsi kwaye uwakhulule xa imfuno iphezulu. Oku kunceda ukuzinzisa ukuguquguquka kwevolthi kunye nokuguquguquka kwamaza.
• Gcina amandla avuselelekayo avela kwimithombo efana ne-solar PV kunye neefama zomoya ezinemveliso eguquguqukayo nengakhawuleziyo, uze unikeze loo mandla agciniweyo xa ilanga lingakhanyi okanye umoya ungavuthuzi. Oku kutshintsha amandla avuselelekayo aye xa efuneka kakhulu.
• Nika amandla okuxhasa ngexesha lokungasebenzi kakuhle kwegridi okanye xa kukho ingxaki ukuze kugcinwe iziseko ezibalulekileyo zisebenza, nokuba zikwimo yesiqithi okanye edityaniswe negridi.
• Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zenkonzo yokusabela kwimfuno kunye neenkqubo zeenkonzo ezincedisayo ngokunyusa okanye ukunciphisa amandla ombane xa efuneka, ukubonelela ngolawulo lwamaza kunye nezinye iinkonzo zegridi.
Ukuqukumbela, njengoko amandla avuselelekayo eqhubeka ekhula njengepesenti yeegridi zamandla kwihlabathi liphela, iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ebhetri ezinkulu ziya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni loo mandla acocekileyo athembeke kwaye afumaneke imini nobusuku. Itekhnoloji yeBESS iya kunceda ukwandisa ixabiso lee-revwables, izinzise iigridi zamandla kwaye ixhase ukutshintshela kwikamva lamandla azinzileyo, aphantsi kwekhabhoni.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-07-2023
