Ingabe amabhethri esimo esiqinile athintwa amakhaza?

ukuthi amakhaza awathinta kanjani amabhethri esimo esiqinilenokuthi kwenziwani ngakho:

Kungani kubanda kuyinselele

1. I-ionic conductivity ephansi

   • Ama-electrolyte aqinile (ama-ceramics, ama-sulfide, ama-polymers) ancike kuma-ion e-lithium agxuma ngekristalu eqinile noma izakhiwo ze-polymer.

   • Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, lokhu kugxuma kuyancipha, ngakho-keukumelana kwangaphakathi kuyandakanye nokwehla kokulethwa kwamandla.

2. Izinkinga zesixhumi esibonakalayo

   • Kubhethri lesimo esiqinile, ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-electrolyte eqinile nama-electrode kubalulekile.

   • Amazinga okushisa abandayo anganciphisa izinto ngamanani ahlukene, adaleizikhala ezincaneezindaweni → ukwenza ukugeleza kwe-ion kube kubi.

3. Ubunzima bokushaja

   • Njengamabhethri e-lithium-ion awuketshezi, ukushaja emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu kuyingozii-lithium plating(i-metallic lithium yakheka ku-anode).

   • Esimeni esiqinile, lokhu kungaba yingozi nakakhulu njengoba ama-dendrites (amadiphozithi e-lithium afana nenaliti) angaqhekeza i-electrolyte eqinile.

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-lithium-ion evamile

• I-liquid electrolyte lithium-ion: Ukubanda kwenza uketshezi lube lujiyile (lungabizi kakhulu), kunciphisa ububanzi nesivinini sokushaja.

• I-lithium-ion yesimo esiqinile: Iphephe kakhudlwana emakhazeni (akukho uketshezi oluqandayo/ oluvuzayo), kodwaisalahlekelwa yi-conductivityngoba izinto eziqinile azithuthi kahle ama-ion emazingeni okushisa aphansi.

Izixazululo zamanje ocwaningweni

1. Ama-electrolyte e-sulfide

   • Amanye ama-electrolyte aqinile asuselwa ku-sulfide agcina izinga eliphezulu lokusebenza ngisho nangaphansi kuka-0 °C.

   • Ithembisa ama-EV ezindaweni ezibandayo.

2. I-polymer-ceramic hybrids

   • Ukuhlanganisa ama-polymers aguquguqukayo nezinhlayiya ze-ceramic kuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwe-ion ngesikhathi esiphansi ngenkathi kugcinwa ukuphepha.

3. Ubunjiniyela be-interface

   • Izingqimba noma izendlalelo zebhafa ziyathuthukiswa ukuze kugcinwe ukuxhumana kwe-electrode–electrolyte kuzinzile phakathi nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.

4. Amasistimu okushisa ngaphambili kuma-EVs

   • Njengama-EV anamuhla afudumeza amabhethri awuketshezi ngaphambi kokushaja, ama-EVs wesikhathi esizayo angasebenzisaukuphathwa okushisayoukugcina amaseli ebangeni lawo elifanele (15-35 °C).

Isifinyezo:
Amabhethri esimo esiqinile ngempela athintwa amakhaza, ikakhulukazi ngenxa ye-ion conductivity ephansi kanye nokumelana nesixhumi esibonakalayo. Zisaphephile kune-lithium-ion ewuketshezi kulezo zimo, kodwaukusebenza (ububanzi, izinga lokushaja, ukuphuma kwamandla) kungehla kakhulu ngaphansi kuka-0 °C. Abacwaningi basebenza ngentshiseko kuma-electrolyte namadizayini ahlala epholile emakhazeni, ahlose ukusetshenziswa okuthembekile kuma-EV ngisho nasezimweni zezulu zasebusika.