Ingabe amabhethri e-solid state ayathinteka yi-cold?

ukuthi ukubanda kuthinta kanjani amabhethri e-solid-statenokuthi kwenziwani ngakho:

Kungani ukubanda kuyinselele

1. Ukuqhuba kwe-ionic okuphansi

   • Ama-electrolyte aqinile (ama-ceramics, ama-sulfide, ama-polymers) athembele kuma-ion e-lithium agxuma ezinhlakeni zekristalu eziqinile noma ze-polymer.

   • Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, lokhu kugxuma kuyehla, ngakho-keukumelana kwangaphakathi kuyandakanye nokwehla kokulethwa kwamandla.

2. Izinkinga ze-interface

   • Ebhethrini elisesimweni esiqinile, ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-electrolyte eqinile nama-electrode kubalulekile.

   • Amazinga okushisa abandayo anganciphisa izinto ngesivinini esihlukene, okubangelaizikhala ezincaneezindaweni zokuhlangana → okwenza ukugeleza kwe-ion kube kubi kakhulu.

3. Ubunzima bokushaja

   • Njengamabhethri e-lithium-ion acwebezelayo, ukushaja emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu kuyingozii-lithium plating(i-lithium yensimbi eyakheka ku-anode).

   • Uma kuqinile, lokhu kungaba yingozi nakakhulu njengoba ama-dendrites (ama-lithium deposits afana nenaliti) angaphula i-electrolyte eqinile.

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-lithium-ion evamile

• I-lithium-ion ye-electrolyte ewuketshezi: Ukubanda kwenza uketshezi lube lukhulu (lungahambisi kakhulu), kunciphisa ububanzi kanye nesivinini sokushaja.

• I-lithium-ion yesimo esiqinile: Kuphephile emakhazeni (akukho ukuqandisa/ukuvuza koketshezi), kodwaisalahlekelwa ukuguquguquka komoyangoba izinto eziqinile azithuthi kahle ama-ion uma izinga lokushisa liphansi.

Izixazululo zamanje ocwaningweni

1. Ama-electrolyte e-sulfide

   • Amanye ama-electrolyte aqinile asekelwe ku-sulfide agcina ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu ngisho nangaphansi kuka-0 °C.

   • Kuthembisa ama-EV ezindaweni ezibandayo.

2. Ama-hybrid e-polymer-ceramic

   • Ukuhlanganisa ama-polymer aguquguqukayo nezinhlayiya ze-ceramic kuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwama-ion emazingeni okushisa aphansi ngenkathi kugcinwa ukuphepha.

3. Ubunjiniyela be-interface

   • Kuthuthukiswa izembozo noma izendlalelo ze-buffer ukuze kugcinwe ukuxhumana kwe-electrode-electrolyte kuzinzile ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.

4. Izinhlelo zokufudumeza kusengaphambili kuma-EV

   • Njengoba nje ama-EV anamuhla efudumeza amabhethri oketshezi ngaphambi kokushaja, ama-EV esikhathi esizayo angase asebenziseukuphathwa kokushisaukugcina amaseli ebangeni lawo elifanele (15–35 °C).

Isifinyezo:
Amabhethri e-Solid-state empeleni athintwa ukubanda, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwehla kokuhamba kwama-ion kanye nokumelana ne-interface. Asephephile kune-lithium-ion ewuketshezi kulezo zimo, kodwaukusebenza (ububanzi, izinga lokushaja, ukuphuma kwamandla) kungehla kakhulu ngaphansi kuka-0 °CAbacwaningi basebenza ngenkuthalo kuma-electrolyte kanye nemiklamo ehlala iqhuba kahle emakhazeni, behlose ukusetshenziswa okuthembekile kuma-EV ngisho nasezimweni zasebusika.