Kodi mabatire a boti amachajitsa bwanji?

momwe mabatire amadzimadzi amachitiranso
Mabatire a mabwato amawonjezeranso mwa kutembenuza ma electrochemical reaction omwe amapezeka pakutha. Izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito alternator ya boti kapena chojambulira chakunja cha batire. Nawa kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane momwe mabatire a boti amachangirira:

Njira Zolipirira

1. Kulipira Alternator:
- Injini Yoyendetsedwa: Injini ya boti ikamathamanga, imayendetsa alternator, yomwe imapanga magetsi.
- Voltage Regulation: Alternator imapanga magetsi a AC (alternating current), omwe amasinthidwa kukhala DC (molunjika pano) ndikuwongoleredwa kumlingo wotetezeka wa batri.
- Njira Yoyatsira: Mphamvu yoyendetsedwa ndi DC imayenda mu batri, ndikubweza momwe zimachitikira. Njira imeneyi imatembenuza sulfate wa lead pa mbale kubwerera kukhala lead dioxide (positive plate) ndi sponge lead (negative mbale), ndi kubwezeretsa asidi wa sulfuric mu njira ya electrolyte.

2. Chojambulira Battery Chakunja:
- Ma plug-In Charger: Ma charger awa amatha kulumikizidwa mumtundu wamba wa AC ndikulumikizidwa ndi mabatire.
- Ma Charger Anzeru: Ma charger amakono nthawi zambiri amakhala "anzeru" ndipo amatha kusintha mtengo wolipiritsa potengera momwe batire ilili, kutentha, ndi mtundu wake (mwachitsanzo, lead-acid, AGM, gel).
- Kulipiritsa kwa ma Stage Multi-Stage: Ma charger awa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo kuti atsimikizire kuti kulipiritsa koyenera komanso kotetezeka:
- Charge Charge: Imapereka mphamvu yamagetsi yapamwamba kuti batire ifike pafupifupi 80%.
- Absorption Charge: Imachepetsa mphamvu yapano ndikusunga mphamvu yamagetsi yosasunthika kuti batire ingokwanira.
- Float Charge: Imapereka mphamvu yotsika, yosasunthika kuti batire ikhale yolipiritsa 100% popanda kulipiritsa.

Njira Yolipirira

1. Kulipiritsa Kwambiri:
- Pakalipano: Poyambirira, magetsi apamwamba amaperekedwa ku batri, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu.
- Chemical Reactions: Mphamvu yamagetsi imatembenuza lead sulfate kukhala lead dioxide ndi siponji lead kwinaku akuwonjezera sulfuric acid mu electrolyte.

2. Kulipira kwa mayamwidwe:
- Voltage Plateau: Batire ikayandikira kukwanira, magetsi amasungidwa mosalekeza.
- Kuchepa Kwapano: Pakali pano pang'onopang'ono amatsika kuti apewe kutenthedwa ndi kuchulukirachulukira.
- Kuchita Kwathunthu: Gawoli likuwonetsetsa kuti machitidwe amankhwala akwaniritsidwa, ndikubwezeretsa batire pamlingo wake waukulu.

3. Kulipiritsa Koyandama:
- Njira Yosamalira: Batire ikangochangidwa, chojambuliracho chimasinthira kumayendedwe oyandama, ndikupereka ndalama zokwanira kubweza kudziyimitsa.
- Kusamalira Kwanthawi Yaitali: Izi zimapangitsa kuti batire ikhale yokwanira popanda kuwononga kuwonongeka chifukwa chakuchulukira.