iibhetri zesikhephe zitshajwa njani
Iibhetri zesikhephe ziyatshaja ngokuguqula ii-electrochemical reactions ezenzeka ngexesha lokukhupha. Le nkqubo idla ngokuqhutywa kusetyenziswa i-alternator yesikhephe okanye itshaja yebhetri yangaphandle. Nantsi ingcaciso eneenkcukacha zendlela iibhetri zesikhephe ezitshaja ngayo:
Iindlela zokutshaja
1. Ukutshaja kwe-Alternator:
- Iqhutywa yinjini: Xa injini yesikhephe isebenza, iqhuba i-alternator, evelisa umbane.
- Ulawulo lweVoltage: I-alternator ivelisa umbane we-AC (alternating current), oguqulwa ube yi-DC (direct current) uze ulawulwe kwinqanaba le-voltage ekhuselekileyo yebhetri.
- Inkqubo yokutshaja: Umsinga we-DC olawulwayo ungena kwibhetri, ubuyisela umva impendulo yokukhupha. Le nkqubo iguqula i-lead sulfate kwiiplates ibuyele kwi-lead dioxide (ipleyiti elungileyo) kunye ne-sponge lead (ipleyiti engalunganga), kwaye ibuyisela i-sulfuric acid kwisisombululo se-electrolyte.
2. Itshaja yebhetri yangaphandle:
- Iitshaja zePlug-In: Ezi tshaja zinokufakwa kwi-AC outlet eqhelekileyo kwaye ziqhagamshelwe kwiiterminal zebhetri.
- Iitshaja ezikrelekrele: Iitshaja zanamhlanje zihlala "zikrelekrele" kwaye zinokulungisa izinga lokutshaja ngokusekelwe kwimeko yebhetri yokutshaja, ubushushu, kunye nohlobo lwayo (umz., i-lead-acid, i-AGM, ijeli).
- Ukutshaja Kwizigaba Ezininzi: Ezi tshaja zihlala zisebenzisa inkqubo enamanqanaba amaninzi ukuqinisekisa ukutshaja okusebenzayo nokukhuselekileyo:
- Itshaja enkulu: Inika amandla aphezulu okunyusa ibhetri ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80%.
- Itshaja yokufunxa: Inciphisa umbane ngelixa igcina i-voltage engaguqukiyo ukuze ibhetri ifikelele phantse ekutshajeni ngokupheleleyo.
- Itshaja yeFloat: Ibonelela ngombane ophantsi nozinzileyo ukugcina ibhetri itshaja nge-100% ngaphandle kokutshaja kakhulu.
Inkqubo yokutshaja
1. Ukutshaja ngobuninzi:
- Umbane Ophezulu: Ekuqaleni, umbane ophezulu unikezelwa kwibhetri, nto leyo enyusa i-voltage.
- Iimpendulo zeekhemikhali: Amandla ombane aguqula i-sulfate ye-lead ibe yi-lead dioxide kunye ne-sponge lead ngelixa ephinda azalise i-sulfuric acid kwi-electrolyte.
2. Ukutshaja kokufunxa:
- I-Voltage Plateau: Njengoko ibhetri isondela ekutshajweni ngokupheleleyo, i-voltage igcinwa kwinqanaba elingaguqukiyo.
- Ukwehla kwamandla ombane: Amandla ombane ayancipha kancinci kancinci ukuze kuthintelwe ukugqithisa kakhulu kunye nokutshaja kakhulu.
- Impendulo epheleleyo: Eli nqanaba liqinisekisa ukuba ii-chemical reactions zigqityiwe ngokupheleleyo, zibuyisela ibhetri kumthamo wayo ophezulu.
3. Ukutshaja kweFloat:
- Imo Yokulungisa: Nje ukuba ibhetri itshajwe ngokupheleleyo, itshaja itshintshela kwimo yokudada, inika amandla aneleyo okubuyisela umbane ophumayo.
- Ukugcinwa Kwexesha Elide: Oku kugcina ibhetri itshajiwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokubangela umonakalo ngenxa yokutshaja kakhulu.
Ukubeka iliso kunye noKhuseleko
1. IiMonitha zeBhetri: Ukusebenzisa imonitha yebhetri kunokunceda ukugcina umkhondo wemeko yokutshaja, i-voltage, kunye nempilo yebhetri iyonke.
2. Ukubuyiselwa kobushushu: Ezinye iitshaja ziquka iisensa zobushushu ukulungisa i-voltage yokutshaja ngokusekelwe kubushushu bebhetri, ukuthintela ubushushu obugqithisileyo okanye ukungabi natshaja ngokwaneleyo.
3. Iimpawu zoKhuseleko: Iitshaja zanamhlanje zineempawu zokhuseleko ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezifana nokukhusela ukutshaja kakhulu, ukhuseleko lwe-short-circuit, kunye nokhuseleko lwe-reverse polarity ukuthintela umonakalo nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo.
Ngokusebenzisa i-alternator yesikhephe okanye itshaja yangaphandle, nangokulandela iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokutshaja, ungazalisa kwakhona iibhetri zesikhephe ngokufanelekileyo, uqinisekise ukuba zihlala zikwimeko entle kwaye zibonelela ngombane othembekileyo kuzo zonke iimfuno zakho zesikhephe.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-09-2024
